Patient Organizations In Health Care System In Indonesia Nursing Essay

Patient Organizations In Health Care System In Indonesia Nursing Essay

Patient Organizations In Health Care System In Indonesia. The involvement of patients in health care system has been an interesting subject for recent decades. In the developed countries, the patients have sufficient room to take part in the health care system. On the contrary, in the developing countries, the patient is considered as the object of the system. As the consequences, patient interest is frequently underestimated and lead to violation of patient’s right. Many events such as malpractice of the physicians, medication error and untreated patients remains unreported. Herein, Patient organizations have the important role to represent the patient interest and to contribute more in health care system.

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Indonesia, as the example of a developing countries in this paper, has admitted the right of patient through Act of Consumer Protection in 1999. However, the involvement of patient organizations in the system remains nothing. The current case of Prita Mulyasari has dramatically changed this paradigm. The role of patient organization in advocating Prita Mulyasari was a good example to express the power of public agency. Referring to Le Grand’s theory, patient organizations in Indonesia may be shifted from pawn towards queen, and should be taken into account as the actor in the health care system in Indonesia.

Generally, Indonesia adopts medico-technical models as the pattern of patient-care provider relationship (Nugroho 2005, Mulkan 2007, Antara 2007, Eki 2009). The model is determined by the medical experts where the care providers are considered as the best perfect agents that know with certainty of their decision regarding the health state of the patients (Folland, Goodman and Stano 2007). Instead of being equal, patient is situated subordinate to the medical care provider. This gap makes the patient as the passive party on this relationship model. They only follow what the doctor prescribed without any further objection to question what has the doctor done to them. This situation was described by Julian Le Grand (Le Grand 2003) as Pawn which reflects the individual who receives benefits as the passive victim of unavoidable circumstances. Apparently patients have less power to argue the decision of the provider even though it does not improve or even worsen their health state.

The winds of change on patient-provider relationship blown in 1999 after the enactment of The Act of Consumer Protection No. 08/1999, just a year after massive political reform. Afterwards, patients have more room to express their expectation and interest on the health care system, individually or collectively. However, this improvement was not so radical until the case of Prita Mulyasari occurred 10 years later after the act was enacted. Prita was an ordinary patient who experienced problem with health care provider that made her imprisoned for 3 months. She was released by the interventions from public and the advocation of patient organization, YLKI, as the main supporter on prita’s problem.

Prita’s story shows to us some facts regarding the position of patient in the system. First, individual patient does not have much power to question the decision of health care provider regarding her poor condition, therefore she chose to send public complaint