Human conduct that is in violation of the criminal laws of a state, the federal government, or a local jurisdiction that has the power to make such laws” is a definition of ______.

Human conduct that is in violation of the criminal laws of a state, the federal government, or
a local jurisdiction that has the power to make such laws” is a definition of ______.

Human conduct that is in violation of the criminal laws of a state, the federal government, or
a local jurisdiction that has the power to make such laws” is a definition of ______.
a. criminal
b. deviance
c. crime
d. criminology
2. The belief that crime is an antisocial act of such a nature that repression is necessary to
preserve the existing system of society is the basis of the ________ perspective on crime.
a. political
b. legal
c. sociological
d. psychological
3. The psychological perspective sees crime primarily as ______.
a. problem behavior
b. a violation of a law
c. an offense against human relationships
d. an antisocial act
4. Which of the following behaviors is criminal only when committed by a child or youth?
a. shoplifting a candy bar
b. drinking alcohol
c. joyriding
d. speeding
5. The pluralistic perspective suggests that behaviors are typically criminalized through ______.
a. the existence of shared norms and values
b. consensus
c. the general agreement of most members of society
d. a political process
Unit 1 Examination
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GED 260 Criminology
6. ________ is the field of study that is concerned primarily with the causes and consequences of
crime.
a. Criminality
b. Criminal justice
c. Criminalistics
d. Criminology
7. Which of the following crime reduction or prevention strategies is most characteristic of the
social problems perspective?
a. allocating federal funds to help states build and operate more prisons
b. a move to broaden police powers by increasing the number of exceptions to the
Exclusionary Rule
c. a government-funded initiative to enhance educational opportunities among low-income
individuals
d. rewriting state statutes to increase the severity of punishment for violent offenders, such
as three-strikes laws
8. This book recognizes that crime is not an isolated individual activity but a(n) ________ event.
a. economic
b. social
c. deviant
d. political
9. An American visitor witnessing a crime in Japan may interpret the events differently than
someone born within the Japanese culture. This is an example of ______.
a. intercultural perspective
b. politicization
c. social relativity
d. deviant perception
10. Ultimately, crime is a result of the coming together of inputs provided by all but which of the
following?
a. the media
b. the criminal justice system
c. the victim
d. society
Unit 1 Examination
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GED 260 Criminology
11. Which of the following is a background contribution by the offender?
a. a specific intent
b. a genetic inventory
c. a drug-induced state of mind
d. a peculiar motivation
12. The “evidence” in evidence-based criminology refers to ______.
a. experimental scientific findings
b. social discussions
c. fingerprints found at the crime scene
d. information obtained from witnesses to the crime
13. The ideas of armchair criminologists achieve acclaim in all but which of the following ways?
a. the association of their ideas with institutions of higher learning
b. publication in prestigious essays
c. the involvement of distinguished lecturers
d. the systematic collection of related acts
14. A(n) ________ is a series of interrelated propositions that attempt to describe, explain, predict,
and ultimately control some class of events.
a. theory
b. experiment
c. hypothesis
d. variable
15. Which of the following statements is an example of a theory?
a. Poverty is a root cause of illegal drug use.
b. Increasing job opportunities will not reduce crime.
c. Requiring everyone to earn a high school degree will lead to a reduction in crime.
d. Crime rates increased in the past year.
Unit 1 Examination
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GED 260 Criminology
16. After the results of a large research study on police procedures were publicized, the
researchers were interested in determining whether the study had affected police policy. The
researcher telephoned a large number of big-city police departments and asked a number of
questions about department policies and procedures. This is an example of which
data-gathering strategy?
a. participant observation
b. case study
c. survey research
d. secondary analysis
17. After research into the effectiveness of Project D.A.R.E. found that the program was
ineffective, publication of the research results was blocked. A representative of the National
Institute of Justice stated that they did not agree with one of the study’s major findings. What
ethical issue applies here?
a. data confidentiality
b. protection of human subjects
c. informed consent
d. objectivity
18. In a research report, the ________ is a brief summation of the findings of the report.
a. analysis
b. abstract
c. preface
d. review of the existing literature
19. Which submission requirement tends to be the same for all professional refereed journals?
a. the style of the references
b. the amount of the submission fee
c. a prohibition on simultaneous submissions
d. the method

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