Diagnosis and Management of Respiratory, Cardiovascular, and Genetic Disorders

Diagnosis and Management of Respiratory, Cardiovascular, and Genetic Disorders

Respiratory disorders such as pneumonia and asthma are among the leading causes of hospitalization in pediatric patients (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2011). With such severe implications associated with many respiratory disorders, advanced practice nurses (FAMILY NURSE PRACTITIONER) must be able to quickly identify symptoms, diagnose patients, and recommend appropriate treatment. For this Discussion, consider potential diagnoses and treatments for the patients in the following three case studies.

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Case Study 1:

A 14-month-old female presents with a 4-day history of nasal congestion and congested cough. This morning, the mother noted that her daughter was breathing quickly and “it sounds like she has rice cereal popping in her throat.” Oral intake is decreased. Physical examination reveals the following: respiratory rate is 58, lung sounds are diminished in the bases, she has pronounced intercostal and subcostal retractions, expiratory wheezes are heard in all lung fields, and her tympanic membranes are normal. There is moderate, thick, clear rhinorrhea and postnasal drip. Her capillary refill is less than 3 seconds, and she is alert and smiling. Her RSV rapid antigen test is positive

POST I TO 2 PAGES DISCUSSION PAPER ON: An explanation of the differential diagnosis for the patient in the case study you selected.

Explain which is the most likely diagnosis for the patient and why.

Include an explanation of unique characteristics of the disorder you identified as the primary diagnosis.

Then, explain a treatment and management plan for the patient, including appropriate dosages for any recommended treatments.

Finally, explain strategies for educating patients and families on the treatment and management of the respiratory, cardiovascular, and/or genetic disorder.

Reference

Readings

•Burns, C. E., Dunn, A. M., Brady, M. A., Starr, N. B., & Blosser, C. G. (2013). Pediatric primary care (5th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier.

◦Chapter 31, “Respiratory Disorders” (pp. 708–738)

•Chapter 40, “Genetic Disorders” (pp. 1032–1054)

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. (2007). Expert panel report 3 (EPR3): Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of asthma. Retrieved from http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/guidelines/asthma/asthgdln.htm

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•Clinical practice guideline: the diagnosis, management, and prevention of bronchiolitis by Ralston, S.L., Lieberthal ,A.S., Meissner, H.C., Alverson, B.K., Baley, J.E., Gadomski ,A.M., Johnson, D.W., Light, M.J., Maraqa, N.F., Mendonca ,E.A., Phelan, K.J., Zorc ,J.J., Stanko-Lopp, D., Brown, M.A., Nathanson ,I., Rosenblum, E., Sayles, S. 3rd, & Hernandez-Cancio, S. in Pediatrics, 134(5), 1474-1502.

Dexamethasone for Acute Asthma Exacerbations in Children: A Meta-analysis by Keeney, G.E., Gray, M.P., Morrison, A.K., Levas, M.N., Kessler, E.A., Hill, G.D., Gorelick, M.H., & Jackson J.L. in Pediatrics, 133(3): 493–499.