A Computational Fluid Dynamic Investigation
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a disorder characterized by repetitive pharyngeal collapse and occlusion during sleep. This sleep disorder affects affecting 4% of men and 2% of women (Young, Palta et al. 1993). The short-term consequences of sleep apnea include sleep fragmentation, loud snoring, increases in daytime sleepiness and fatigue-related accident.
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Get Help Now!Children who suffer from OSAS may show a variety of signs including behavioral disturbance, learning deficits and a slower body growth. Without prompt treatments in the early stage of OSAS, long term adverse effects on neurocognitive and cardiovascular functions may develop and have negative impacts on multiple organs and system.
This thesis will analyse OSAS using CFD. Investigations on the fluid dynamics through the upper airway will be closely examined with particular attention to transitional turbulent flow of air. In Chapter 2, some background information will be presented with examples of previous techniques used to investigate OSAS.
The effects of airway geometry on upper airway pressure and flow resistance in the respiratory cycle are also analyzed. Chapter 3 will follow and the methods used will be discussed.
Three dimensional computational fluid models based on the anatomies of OSAS patients and controls are discussed and effects of airway geometry on upper airway pressure and flow resistance in the respiratory cycle are analyzed.
Although confined by the rigid wall assumption, the CFD model makes the interpretation of airway fluid mechanics tractable since the airway compliance is time-varying and usually unknown. The resistance to flow resulting from these structural abnormalities leads to negative intraluminal pressures on the order of the reported collapse pressure and critical pressure () measured in OSAS patients.
The abnormalities in airway dimension, muscle tone and ability of airway components to open make up the complex group of conditions which are known to cause sleep disordered breathing. Growing interest in sleep disorders have led to increased research
The initial identification of OSAS was followed by studies characterizing snoring, hypopneas, respiratory effort-related arousal and flow limitation events. Currently more sophisticated tests have been developed to differentiate OSAS from other sleep disorders (Polysomnography Task Force 1997).
Among them the overnight full-channel polysomnography (PSG) is the most commonly used method to diagnose sleep apnea (Polysomnography Task Force 1997).
Snoring is a stable respiratory act characterized by incre………………………….
A Computational Fluid Dynamic Investigation
A Computational Fluid Dynamic Investigation
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