Bus520 Midterm Exam

Bus520 Midterm Exam

1.Which of the following is an enduring change of behavior that results from experience?

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1. a) Learning
2. b) Managerial sense-making
3. c) Organizational tracking
4. d) Lifelong careers
5. e) Managerial scholarship
6. According to Archie B. Carroll the majority of managers are:
7. a) immoral.
8. b) amoral.
9. c) moral.
10. d) mindful.
11. e) none of the above.
12. According to Robert Katz the essential skills of management can be grouped into which of the following three categories
13. a) Communicative, procedural, and strategic.
14. b) Communicative, technical, and human.
15. c) Human, supervisory, and conceptual.
16. d) Technical, human, and conceptual.
17. e) Procedural, supervisory, and strategic.
18. The shared beliefs and values that influence the behavior of organizational members refers to organizational:
19. a) mission.
20. b) purpose.
21. c) strategy.
22. d) culture.
23. e) stakeholders.
24. Which traits are associated with the “Big Five” personality dimension of extraversion?
25. a) Outgoing, sociable, and assertive
26. b) Good-natured, trusting, and cooperative
27. c) Responsible, dependable, and persistent
28. d) Unworried, secure, and relaxed
29. e) Imaginative, curious, and broad-minded
30. __________ occurs when individuals express positive feelings upon encountering others who exhibit values similar to their own.

a)Personal consistency

1. b) Theoretical consistency
2. c) Personal congruence
3. d) Value performance
4. e) Value congruence
5. __________ in organizations emphasizes appreciation of differences in creating a setting where everyone feels valued and accepted.
6. a) Employee appreciation
7. b) Valuing diversity
8. c) Diversity divergence
9. d) Employee valuation
10. e) Employee tolerance
11. Estimates indicate that __________ Americans have one or more physical or mental disabilities.
12. a) 10 million
13. b) 20 million
14. c) 30 million
15. d) 40 million
16. e) 50 million
17. The degree of loyalty an individual feels toward the organization is known as __________.
18. a) job satisfaction
19. b) organizational commitment
20. c) job involvement
21. d) employee engagement
22. e) organizational citizenship
23. Which work attitude reflects feelings that the job serves one’s financial, developmental, and professional interests?
24. a) Rational commitment
25. b) Emotional commitment
26. c) Job involvement
27. d) Spillover effect
28. e) Employee engagement
29. Which of the following statements about attitudes is false?
30. a) Attitudes are influenced by values.
31. b) Attitudes are acquired from the same sources as values.
32. c) Attitudes focus on specific people or objects.
33. d) Attitudes are more stable than values.
34. e) Attitudes are hypothetical constructs.
35. Social emotions refer to __________.
36. a) an individual’s feelings based on information internal to himself or herself
37. b) an individual’s feelings based on information external to himself or herself
38. c) group feelings based on information internal to themselves
39. d) group feelings based on information external to themselves
40. e) an individual’s feelings based on information internal and external to himself or herself

13.Which of the following sets of items relate to the perceiver as a factor influencing of the perceptual process?

1. a) Physical, social, and organizational contexts
2. b) Past experiences, needs or motives, personality, values, and attitudes
3. c) Contrast, intensity, figure-ground separation, size, motion, and repetition/novelty
4. d) Attitudes, physical characteristics, contrast, and size
5. e) Values, organizational norms, motion, and repetition/novelty
6. Projection is especially likely to occur in the __________ stage of perception.
7. a) attention
8. b) organization
9. c) interpretation
10. d) selection
11. e) retrieval
12. The factors that influence the perceptual process include characteristics regarding the __________.
13. a) inputs, throughputs, and outputs
14. b) information, facts, and data
15. c) perceiver, setting, and perceived
16. d) perceiver, intention, and consequence
17. e) intention, meaning, and result
18. __________ is the withdrawal of negative consequences, which tends to increase the likelihood of repeating the desirable behavior in similar settings.
19. a) Positive reinforcement
20. b) Extinction
21. c) Negative reinforcement
22. d) Punishment
23. e) Parallel reinforcement
24. The creation of a new behavior by the positive reinforcement of successive approximations to the desired behavior is called __________.
25. a) imitation
26. b) portrayal
27. c) modeling
28. d) shaping
29. e) representation
30. Which of the following needs did Maslow describe as lower-order needs?
31. a) Esteem, social, and safety
32. b) Self-actualization and esteem
33. c) Safety, self-actualization, and social
34. d) Social and esteem
35. e) Self-actualization and physiological
36. Which of the following is the correct order of Maslow’s needs from the lowest (lower-order need) to the

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