Besides dyspnea, what is the most common characteristic associated with pulmonary disease?

Besides dyspnea, what is the most common characteristic associated with pulmonary disease? a. Chest pain c. Cough b. Digit clubbing d. Hemoptysis

ANS: C Pulmonary disease is associated with many signs and symptoms, and their specifc characteristics oFten help in identiFying the underlying disorder. The most common characteristics are dyspnea and cough. Others include abnormal sputum, hemoptysis, altered breathing patterns, hypoventilation and hyperventilation, cyanosis, clubbing oF the digits, and chest pain. PTS: 1 RE±: Page 1248

WRITE THIS ESSAY FOR ME

Tell us about your assignment and we will find the best writer for your paper.

Get Help Now!

2. Sitting up in a Forward-leaning position generally relieves which breathing disorder? a. Hyperpnea c. Apnea b. Orthopnea d. Dyspnea on exertion

ANS: B OF the options available, only orthopnea is generally relieved by sitting up in a Forward-leaning posture or supporting the upper body on several pillows. PTS: 1 RE±: Page 1249

3. Kussmaul respirations as a respiratory pattern may be associated with which characteristic(s)? a. Alternating periods oF deep and shallow breathing b. Pulmonary fbrosis c. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease d. Slightly increased ventilatory rate, large tidal volumes, and no expiratory pause

ANS: D Kussmaul respirations are characterized by a slightly increased ventilatory rate, very large tidal volume, and no expiratory pause. Kussmaul respirations are not associated with any oF the other options.
Background image of page 1
PTS: 1 REF: Page 1249

4. Respirations that are characterized by alternating periods of deep and shallow breathing are a result of which respiratory mechanism? a. Decreased blood ±ow to the medulla oblongata b. Increased partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO 2 ), decreased pH, and decreased partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO 2 ) c. Stimulation of stretch or J-receptors d. Fatigue of the intercostal muscles and diaphragm

ANS: A Alternating periods of deep and shallow breathing are characteristic of Cheyne-Stokes respirations and are the result of any condition that slows the blood ±ow to the brainstem, which in turn slows impulses that send information to the respiratory centers of the brainstem. None of the remaining options are responsible for the described breathing pattern. PTS: 1 REF: Page 1250

5. With a total hemoglobin of 9 g/dl, how many grams per deciliter of hemoglobin must become desaturated for cyanosis to occur? a. 3 c. 7 b. 5 d. 9 ANS: B Cyanosis generally develops when 5 g/dl of hemoglobin is desaturated, regardless of hemoglobin concentration. PTS: 1 REF: Page 1250

6. Which statement is true regarding ventilation? a. Hypoventilation causes hypocapnia. b. Hyperventilation causes hypercapnia. c. Hyperventilation causes hypocapnia. d. Hyperventilation result……………..