BBA 3551, Information Systems Management

Course Learning Outcomes for Unit V Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:

2. Explain the similarities and differences of personal knowledge management tools. 2.1 Examine how social media, an information gathering tool, has shaped knowledge and business

intelligence techniques.

5. Evaluate the approaches to developing organizational knowledge management strategies. 5.1 Examine how business intelligence systems are used to manage organizational knowledge. 5.2 Discuss how expert systems and content management systems can benefit a business.

Course/Unit Learning Outcomes

Learning Activity

2.1 Unit Lesson Chapter 8 Unit V Scholarly Activity

5.1 Unit Lesson Chapter 9 Unit V Scholarly Activity

5.2 Unit Lesson Chapter 9 Unit V Scholarly Activity

Reading Assignment The following sections from Chapters 8 and 9, which are located in the textbook in uCertify, are not required for this unit, but the sections still contain beneficial information. You are highly encouraged to read them. Chapter 8: Social Media Information Systems, Q8-1 – Q8-7 Chapter 9: Business Intelligence Systems, Q9-1 – Q9-8

Unit Lesson In Unit IV, we discussed the cloud and how the cloud works as well as the types of business processes and the importance of enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems. In this unit, we will discuss social media information systems (IS), some innovative applications for social media IS, and the unique applications of social networking. You will also learn about some practical applications for business intelligence systems, specifically reporting, the use of animation for reporting on a mobile device, and the advantages of storing data in the cloud. After reading the Unit V Reading Assignment, refer back to the Augmented Reality Exercise System (ARES) scenario at the beginning of Chapter 9. We are introduced to wellness programs, an increasing trend as more and more people, especially millennials, express the desire to live healthier lives (Hamstra, 2017). Following this trend are wellness programs sponsored by employers who are looking to help their employees develop and maintain a healthy lifestyle. Many of the wellness programs can be accessed through mobile applications (apps), which is a convenient way to review one’s overall health and fitness. One of the most common ways to monitor one’s health or fitness related metrics is remotely, and some insurance providers offer discounts or prizes as incentives to their subscribers for participating in an exercise program and recording their metrics online (“Anthem Blue Cross,” 2017; Satter, 2017).

UNIT V STUDY GUIDE

Social Media Information Systems and Business Intelligence Systems

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Because this information is being served from the cloud, it can be accessible by doctors, patients, health clubs, employers, insurance companies, and others. This is an excellent way to monitor a person’s progress in a fitness or weight loss program. For example, a physician can monitor a patient recovering from heart surgery by reviewing the recorded metrics. Examples of Business Intelligence Systems and Social Media IS

Business intelligence systems take structured and unstructured data to produce a source of collective knowledge that can be used in data analytics (Kroenke & Boyle, 2017). An example of this type of technology is in the use of exercise equipment over the cloud. In order to maintain an exercise regimen during extreme weather conditions, such as high temperatures during the summer and extreme cold temperatures during the winter months, one can purchase a treadmill to help maintain exercise goals (such as a minimum of 30 minutes, 5 days per week). Most exercise equipment has the ability to download and store exercise programs to help improve endurance, increase heart rate, increase metabolism, and provide other health advantages. For example, some treadmills can download virtual

environments that simulate a specific setting such as running a marathon or running along a nature path. Other programs that exercise equipment can provide are training workouts with specific goals in mind such as maximum fat burns to help burn calories or cardio exercises to increase blood circulation and to help improve heart health (Figure 1). Most computerized exercise equipment, including treadmills, can synchronize with an online app that uploads activity metrics and translates them into meaningful data such as graphs and charts. This also enables the treadmill to download user-personalized workouts, track workout results, and track the user’s progress against other users. The user can then monitor his or her progress via a mobile app on a compatible phone (e.g., iPhone, Android) and on the web from a laptop or tablet. In addition to the fitness training programs, there is also a social community where users can provide motivation to one another. Social networking allows people to connect with one another and to share content. This network of users is supported by a social media IS. In the fitness example used above, users can view their fitness information in the form of digital reports on a mobile device such as a smartphone or tablet. This data is stored on the cloud so it can be retrieved from just about any computer device. These reports are generated with reporting applications that use business intelligence. Business intelligence is defined as the manipulation or translation of data into meaningful information. The purpose of business intelligence reports is to provide useful information from which observations can be made. This data is obtained when basic reporting operations are performed such as sorting, filtering, grouping, calculating, and formatting (Kroenke & Boyle, 2017).

Figure 1: Many treadmills use different programs to help users collect data and maintain goals. (Sport-Tiedje GmbH, 2017)

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Microsoft (MS) Excel is one application that can perform all of the basic reporting operations to create reports. If you are familiar with MS Excel, then you know that you can use this software to create statements such as monthly sales reports. This is one example of how you can use reporting applications to develop business intelligence. Therefore, by evaluating several monthly sales reports, you can gauge how well the business is doing or not doing. You can also predict future trends for products or services. If sales for a certain appliance is dropping, this tells you to reduce the number of reorders, look for a new or upgraded version of that appliance, or perhaps discontinue the product altogether. Let’s look at another example such as a fitness tracker (Figure 2). There are several brands of fitness trackers, but they all have one thing in common—to help you keep track of fitness metrics. As you go about your day, the fitness tracker records physical activity and stores that data on the device. In order to access that data from another device, such as a tablet or computer, you will need to synchronize the device to the fitness application. You synchronize the data from your fitness tracker to the fitness application via the cloud. Depending on the brand, the device could be recording the number of steps you take, your heart rate, calories burned, and even your sleep patterns. Because this information is stored on the cloud, you can view the data from just about any computing device such as a mobile phone, tablet, or computer. You can then review the statistics in a variety of visual forms such as graphs, charts and even animated diagrams. These reports help you to analyze the data, detect patterns, and identify potential health issues. Users can also share these statistics on the web in social fitness networks or chat with health experts or fitness trainers. Privacy and Security The availability of cheap cloud processing makes processing consumer data easier and less expensive every day. The result is more and more data, and that data is processed by more and more sophisticated algorithms. George Orwell’s book 1984, which was science fiction when published, is becoming closer to reality. This dystopian story takes place in 1984, where society is ruled by a totalitarian government that manipulated media to control its population (Fitzpatrick, 2013). North Korea is a good example of a totalitarian government because the country is isolated from the rest of the world, and its people are oppressed by the regime of Kim Jong Un through the use of various media such as newspapers, posters, radio, and television. The Internet, taken for granted by many citizens in the United States, is virtually unheard of in North Korea. Even for those few who may have access to the Internet, only a few (approved) websites are provided to its people by the North Korean propaganda bureau. North Korean citizens who are accused of violating its censorship laws are met with harsh punishment such as jail time, reprogramming, and even death (Kim, 2010). In North Korea, the government uses mass surveillance to censor its people, severely restricting them of basic freedoms. There are four basic freedoms in the first amendment of the U.S. Constitution:

Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievance. (National Archives, n.d., para. 6)

In the United States, organizations routinely use surveillance to monitor its employees, and the U.S. government also uses surveillance to monitor its citizens. So, what is the difference between surveillance in the United States when compared to North Korea? The difference is that U.S. citizens, unlike the citizens of North Korea, are protected by the Privacy Protection Act, the Electronic Communications Privacy Act (ECPA), and the Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act, coupled with the fourth amendment of the U.S. Constitution (Hannon, 2017). So, what does all of this mean? This means that government officials can monitor electronic communications for potential criminal activity while protecting the privacy of U.S. citizens. What does this mean for the data that is stored in the cloud? If we use fitness trackers and store information in the cloud, is our information safe from hackers? If we participate in social networks, what are the risks?

Figure 2: Fitness trackers use technology to record data. (BMoreliff, 2016)

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These are questions we should ask ourselves in regard to expectations of privacy. In this unit, we examined how social media can be used as an information-gathering tool to increase knowledge and business intelligence through the use of social media IS. We also examined the expectations of privacy when using social media. Even though electronic media is monitored by the U.S. government, it is only to detect and identify potential criminal activity.

References Anthem Blue Cross unveils engage platform. (2017). Health & Beauty Close – Up, Retrieved from

https://search-proquest- com.libraryresources.columbiasouthern.edu/docview/1953795804?accountid=33337

BMorellif. (2016). Withings Pulse O2 fitness tracker [Image]. Retrieved from

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Withings_Pulse_O2_fitness_tracker.jpg Fitzpatrick, S. (2013, August). Orwell’s 1984: Are we there yet? Crisis Magazine. Retrieved from

http://www.crisismagazine.com/2013/orwells-1984-are-we-there-yet Hamstra, M. (2017). Center of the storm. Supermarket News. Retrieved from https://search-proquest-

com.libraryresources.columbiasouthern.edu/docview/1951884195?accountid=33337 Hannon, M. J. (2017). The importance of metadata in digital evidence for legal practitioners. Computer and

Internet Lawyer, 34(10), 1–19. Retrieved from https://search-proquest- com.libraryresources.columbiasouthern.edu/docview/1941694965?accountid=33337

Kim, S. Y. (2010). Illusive utopia: Theater, film, and everyday performance in North Korea. Ann Arbor, MI:

University of Michigan Press. Kroenke, D. M., & Boyle, R. J. (2017). Using MIS (10th ed.). New York, NY: Pearson. National Archives. (n.d.). The Bill of Rights: A transcription. Retrieved from

https://www.archives.gov/founding-docs/constitution-transcript Satter, M. Y. (2017). After rosy Q3, anthem to launch digital health platform. Benefits Selling. Retrieved from

https://search-proquest- com.libraryresources.columbiasouthern.edu/docview/1955393869?accountid=33337

Sport-Tiedje GmbH. (2017). Cardiostrong treadmill TX50 [Image]. Retrieved from

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cardiostrong_treadmill_TX50.jpg

Suggested Reading The following sections from Chapters 8 and 9, which are located in the textbook in uCertify, are not required for this unit, but the sections still contain beneficial information. You are highly encouraged to read them. Chapter 8: Social Media Information Systems, Q8-8 Chapter 9: Business Intelligence Systems, Q9-9

Learning Activities (Nongraded) Nongraded Learning Activities are provided to aid students in their course of study. You do not have to submit them. If you have questions, contact your instructor for further guidance and information.

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To test your knowledge of the material covered in this unit, complete the activities listed below.

 Chapter 8 Active Review

 Chapter 8 Using Your Knowledge

 Chapter 8 Collaboration Exercise

 Chapter 8 Review Questions

 Chapter 8 Cards

 Chapter 9 Active Review

 Chapter 9 Using Your Knowledge

 Chapter 9 Collaboration Exercise

 Chapter 9 Review Questions

 Chapter 9 Cards The activities are located within the chapter readings in uCertify. The Chapter 8 and Chapter 9 Active Review sections, Using Your Knowledge sections, Collaboration Exercises, and Review Questions are located at the end of each chapter. The cards can be accessed by clicking on the Cards icon within uCertify, which is located to the right of the chapter title, and the icon in uCertify resembles the image shown below.