1.What is the relationship between authentic leadership, Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) and employees’ Psychological Capital (PsyCap)? Critically review the literature that explains how to build the Psychological Capital of some different types of employees (such as professionals versus administrative employees, emotional labour, blue collar versus white collar employees, different generational cohort, and/or different ethnicities)? Why do emotions (of for example leaders, managers, employees) significantly impact employees’ performance?
authentic leadership is positively related to LMX and consequently followers’ performance, and to a larger degree, among followers who have low rather than high levels of PsyCap.Authentic leadership positive, genuine, transparent, ethical form of leadership positive approach to organizational leadership help meet today’s challenges characterized by a leader’s self-awareness, openness, and clarity behaviour accept others’ inputs, and disclose their personal values, motives, and sentiments particular, Avolio et al. (2004) drew from positive organizational behavior (Luthans, 2002; Luthans & Avolio, 2009; Luthans & Youssef, 2007), trust, emotion, and identity theories to describe the mechanisms by which authentic leaders exert their influence on followers’ attitudes, behaviors, and performance.One suggestion is that authentic leaders develop and influence their followers by invigorating them with positive psychological states, which are conducive to their performance (Gardner & Schermerhorn, 2004).Drawing from complementary congruity theory for the present study would suggest that the authentic leader can effectively contribute to the development of and have an impact on the follower’s performance.For example, in their initial model of AL development, Luthans and Avolio (2003) posited that authentic leaders draw from their own positive psychological resources to contribute and complement their followers’ psychological capital in order to enhance their performance. This psychological capital, or simply PsyCap (see Luthans & Youssef, 2004; Luthans, Youssef, & Avolio, 2007), has now become the widely recognized core construct consisting of the positive psychological resources of hope, efficacy, resiliency, and optimism
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