PSYC 1301 Introduction to Psychology Exam 1: Chapters 1. 2, & 4-5

PSYC 1301 Introduction to Psychology

Exam 1: Chapters 1. 2, & 4-5

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Chapter 1: Introduction to Psychology and Research

• Know the definition of psychology
• Be able to identify example of mental process
• Be able to identify the goals of psychology.
• Be able to identify the specialization that applies psychology principles to the legal system.
• Be able to identify the specialization that applies psychology principles to treating mental disorders.
• Be able to identify the specialization in prejudice and other attitudes.
• Be able to identify where and who started the science of psychology.
• Be able to identify the psychological perspective that focuses on observable environmental influences on behavior; stimulus-response pattern.
• Be able to identify the psychological perspective that focuses on free will.
• Be able to identify who is responsible for the psychoanalytic/psychodynamic perspective.
• Be able to identify the lead theorists for structuralism and its method.
• Be familiar with the term the state of self-fulfillment in which we realize our highest potential, according to Abraham Maslow.
• Be able to identify which perspective focuses on Natural selection, adaptation, and the evolution of behavior patterns.
• Be able to identify the new, integrative model that proposes that physiological and genetic, cognitive and emotional, and environmental factors all affect and are affected by one another.
• Be familiar with the APA ethical Guidelines.
• Be familiar with the correlational research design.
• Be familiar with the research technique double blind.
• Be able to identify what a researcher does if they are conducting a case study.
• Be familiar with the basic elements to an experimental design i.e. IV, DV, control, and experimental group.

Chapter 2: Neuroscience and Biological Foundations

• Be familiar with the structure of neurons.
• Be able to identify the difference between mylinated and unmylinated axons.
• Be familiar with neurotransmitters and their functions.
• Be able to identify why one continues their behavior despite horrific injuries.
• Be familiar with the definition of action potentials.
• Be able to identify the system that manufacture and secrete hormones into the bloodstream in order to effect behavioral change or maintain normal bodily functions.
• Be able to identify what controls reflexes.
• Be able to identify the two branches that make up the autonomic nervous system.
• Be able to identify the part of the brain responsible for survival functions such as heart beat and respiration.
• Be able to identify three structures included in the hindbrain.
• Be able to identify the brain structure responsible for balance.
• Be able to identify the small structure that maintains homeostasis. It also regulates emotions and drives, such as hunger, thirst, sex, and aggression.
• Be familiar with the parts that make up the limbic system.
• Be familiar with case of Phineas Gage.
• Be familiar with Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas.

Chapter 4 Sensation and Perception

• Be familiar with both sensation and perceptions.
• Be familiar with transduction.
• Be able to identify what the smallest magnitude of a particular stimulus energy that can be detected is called.
• Be familiar with the difference threshold and sensory adaptation.
• Be able to identify the two senses that adapt quickly to repeated simulation.
• Be able to identify the structure of the eye that is curved, tough, protective transparent shield on the front of the eye through which light enters.
• Be familiar with the role of the iris.
• Be able to identify the correct order of the pathway for light energy.
• Be able to identify the structure of the back of the eye, which contains rods and cones; and role of cones.
• Be familiar with the blind spot.
• Be able to identify the theory of color vision proposed by Thomas Young that says color perception results from mixing three distinct color systems.
• Be familiar with the structure of the ear.
• Be able to identify what the sense of smell is called.
• Be familiar with the perceptual organization principle that says people tend to perceive a finished unit even if there are gaps in it.
• Be familiar with the perceptual principle of organization suggests that you are more likely to believe that a group of people who look alike will act alike.
• Be able to identify which principles of perception we use to organize patterns in order to perceive an entire stimulus, rather than just its parts.

Chapter 5 Sensation and Perception

• Be able to identify the definition of consciousness, circadian rhythms,
• Be able to identify the cause of Jet Lat.
• Be familiar with the characteristics of the first stage of sleep.
• Be able to identify what sleep labs are measuring.
• Be familiar with the evolutionary/circadian theory of sleep say about the importance of sleep.
• Be familiar with Freud’s believes about dreams.
• Be able to identify the hypothesis of dreams that suggests that dreams are the by-product of random stimulation of brain cells, and that the brain attempts to combine this spontaneous activity into coherent patterns.
• Be able to identify the symptoms of insomnia and narcolepsy.
• Be familiar with what psychoactive drugs do.
• Be able to identify what develops when you have to take more of the same drug to get the same effect.
• Be able to identify the drug that will slow the system down, and may impair thinking and behavior.
• Be able to identify what according to the U.S. Public Health Service, this is the single most preventable cause of death and disease in the United States.
• Be familiar with the effects of using cocaine, hallucinogen, marijuana
• Be able to identify what is achieved by using opiates.
• Be able to identify the drug considered the club drug.
• Be able to identify the drug that blocks the action of neurotransmitters.
• Be able to identify the drugs that has drug that has a molecular structure similar to the body’s own neurotransmitter.
• Be able to identify what breaks down alcohol and at what rate.