A 60-year-old female with a recent history of head trauma and a long-term history of hypertension presents to the ER for changes in mental status

A 60-year-old female with a recent history of head trauma and a long-term history of hypertension presents to the ER for changes in mental status. MRI reveals that she had a hemorrhagic stroke. What does the nurse suspect caused this type of stroke?
a.
Rheumatic heart disease
b.
Thrombi
c.
Aneurysm
d.
Hypotension
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QUESTION 2
A 50-year-old male suffers a severe head injury when his motorcycle hits a tree. His breathing becomes deep and rapid but with normal pattern. What term should the nurse use for this condition?
a.
Gasping
b.
Ataxic breathing
c.
Apneusis
d.
Central neurogenic hyperventilation
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QUESTION 3
A 20-year-old male was at the supermarket when he fell to the ground. Bystanders reported that he lost consciousness and his body tensed up then relaxed, then tensed and relaxed several times. He most likely was experiencing a(n):
a.
Partial seizure
b.
Absence seizure
c.
Myoclonic seizure
d.
Tonic-clonic seizure
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QUESTION 4
A 65-year-old male recently suffered a cerebral vascular accident. He is now unable to recognize and identify objects by touch because of injury to the sensory cortex. How should the nurse document this finding?
a.
Hypomimesis
b.
Agnosia
c.
Dysphasia
d.
Echolalia
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QUESTION 5
Which finding indicates the patient is having complications from heat stroke?
a.
Mild elevation of core body temperatures
b.
Cerebral edema and degeneration of the CNS
c.
Spasmodic cramping in the abdomen and extremities
d.
Alterations in calcium uptake
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QUESTION 6
A 15-year-old male is brought to the ER for treatment of injuries received in a motor vehicle accident. An MRI reveals spinal cord injury, and his body temperature fluctuates markedly. The most accurate explanation of this phenomenon is that:
a.
He developed pneumonia.
b.
His sympathetic nervous system has been damaged and thermal control disturbed.
c.
He has a brain injury.
d.
He has septicemia from an unknown source.
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QUESTION 7
A 69-year-old male with a history of alcohol abuse presents to the emergency room (ER) after a month-long episode of headaches and confusion. Based on his alcoholism, a likely cause of his neurologic symptoms is:
a.
Concussion
b.
Chronic subdural hematoma
c.
Epidural hematoma
d.
Subacute subdural hematoma
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QUESTION 8
When a patient has a peculiar sensation that immediately precedes a seizure, what term should the nurse use to describe this sensation?
a.
Prodroma
b.
Agnosia
c.
Spasm
d.
Aura
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QUESTION 9
A 40-year-old male complains of uncontrolled excessive movement and progressive dysfunction of intellectual and thought processes. He is experiencing movement problems that begin in the face and arms that eventually affect the entire body. The most likely diagnosis is:
a.
Tardive dyskinesia
b.
Huntington disease
c.
Hypokinesia
d.
Alzheimer disease
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QUESTION 10
A 16-year-old male took a recreational drug that altered his level of arousal. Physical exam revealed a negative Babinski sign, equal and reactive pupils, and roving eye movements. Which of the following diagnosis will the nurse most likely see on the chart?
a.
Psychogenic arousal alteration
b.
Metabolically induced coma
c.
Structurally induced coma
d.
Structural arousal alteration
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QUESTION 11
A 20-year-old male was brought to the emergency room (ER) for severe burns. He requested something for the excruciating pain he was experiencing. Blocking which of the following neurotransmitters would reduce his pain?
a.
Enkephalin
b.
Dopamine
c.
Acetylcholine
d.
Substance P
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QUESTION 12
A 20-year-old male suffers a severe closed head injury in a motor vehicle accident. He remains in a vegetative state (VS) 1 month after the accident. Which of the following structures is most likely keeping the patient alive?
a.
Cerebral cortex
b.
Brainstem
c.
Spinal cord
d.
Cerebellum
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QUESTION 13
A 30-year-old female had a seizure that started with her fingers and progressively spread up her arm and then extended to her leg, with no loss of consciousness. How should the nurse chart this?