2-Theoretical Framework Paper (15%)

2-Theoretical Framework Paper (15%)

For the theoretical framework and the literature review paper (3,000-3,500), you should be looking at two parts for this paper, theoretical framework and the literature review.For the theoretical framework part, you should be selecting out from your doctoral stream, ICT, the management and leadership, math education, science education, special education, TESOL, or the fields of those authors in education who present theoretical foundations or empirical studies related to the topic you have selected for your doctoral study, the theories and models related to your study. For this part, you are not looking at the research results in themselves, but which theories are used upon which to develop methodology and the results this produces.In addition, you need to be able to identify which disciplinary sources are being used – psychology, sociology, etc., and the particular schools of thought within the discipline that are used. The second part of this assignment includes comprehensive, synthesised review of related bodies of literature to your topic (journal articles, texts, other documents). For this part, many research studies should be identified, reviewed, and synthesized in relation to your topic/study to present main issues, characteristics, ideas, qual or quan  approaches used in their investigations and methodologies. In general, the theoretical framework paper will synthesise all the relevant previous theoretical materials you have worked on in previous modules.

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The following list the typical topics covered in each section – this is a general guideline, so papers may vary depending upon the topic, scope, theoretical approach, etc.  Many of the points below are required (e.g., topic of thesis, approach, rationale), while others are optional such as sub-questions).  Remember that you can refer to research studies that have been done using various theories to illustrate how the theories are used in field research.

Introduction (~500 words)

• Topic of thesis, possibly background paragraph (events leading up to, sources)
• Why it is important (references)
• How it can be approached (main authors referenced)
• Formulating the question and/or purpose (reference various approaches and authors on this)
• Sub-questions or objectives reflect approach or combination (e.g., cultural-political) – indicate the data/info required to address main question
• Is it framed within an approach or combination of approaches?

Theoretical Framework (~1,000 words)

• What are the main theories or/and models related to your question/proposed study?- provide a brief description on each and a rationale for connection to your study.
• Which authors have pursued a question similar to or related to yours? Which have done it badly (may include those negative ones or different, in what aspects or your study)?
• What is required to answer/fulfil main research purpose/question
• Discuss each in relation to existing literature
• Provide a rationale
• 1 paragraph on each minimum
• Identification of main research approach relevant & consistent with preceding
• Overview of upcoming sections: which bodies of literature need to be identified?

Main Body of the Paper: Bodies of Relevant Literature or Literature Review (~1,500 words; should have clear subsections with subheadings)

• Involves usually 3-5 different bodies of literature relevant to your topic & research question
• Two levels: key core disciplinary authors (e.g., Goffman for symbolic interactionism), and education authors
• Focuses on theories, concepts, models proposed in the field – including contrasting ones
• Includes approaches/authors you are writing against
• Subsection for each body of literature being used
• Each subsection identifies and discusses core discipline & education authors
• End of section: how do all of these combine in your design? e. How are they complementary?

Type of Research Approach and Methodology Selected (please note, this is a short section only for this paper, maybe up to 250 words – this will all be developed in much more detail in the next two papers in – so here you are only identifying what you will use with a rationale related to the theoretical framework)

• You may wish to add that additional literature surveying for the theoretical framework will be done for the thesis, particularly if the thesis is partly or fully theoretical such as developing a new model (e.g., an Emirati model for educational leadership). This may involve a content analysis to construct a hybrid, complex, multi-dimensional theory or model as an option; and this can be combined with empirical (i.e., quantitative, qualitative or mixed methods field research)
• What research tradition are you going to be working in – and you may be drawing on more than one, such as a particular psychological, social or cultural type of research so need to sort by intellectual tradition, theory, and type of analysis this will involve
• Establish criteria new theory has to meet (e.g., cultural conditions)
• Education studies promoting, or adopting similar approaches?
• Consistent with the theoretical approach discussed in the large earlier sections of this paper
• Research traditions: which are you using? (Gadamer, hermeneutics; Heidegger, phenomenology; review)

Conclusion (about 250 words)

• How is your approach going to add to the literature and understanding of the phenomenon? (you may wish to distinguish among international, regional, and local aspects or levels)
• What traditions does it contribute to and what is new?